The abbreviation ibid is used to indicate?

• A. In the previous citation
• B. In the same place as the previous citation
• C. In the bibliography
• D. In the index

Answer: (B)

The term ibid means "in the same place." It’s used when you want to cite the exact same source as the one you just cited, so you don’t repeat all the full bibliographic details. It keeps footnotes or endnotes concise. If you’re referring to a different page in that same work, you add the page number after ibid (for example, Ibid., p. 45). If it’s the same page, you can just write ibid. It should refer to the immediately preceding citation—if a different source came in between, ibid would point to that other source, not the one two notes back. It doesn’t apply to the bibliography or index.